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DATA CENTER
SAN Design and Best Practices
Version 2.3
A high-level guide focusing on Fibre Channel Storage Area
Network (SAN) design and best practices, covering planning,
topologies, device sharing in routed topologies, workload
monitoring, and detecting server and storage latencies—to help
with decisions required for successful SAN design.
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Sommario

Pagina 1 - DATA CENTER

DATA CENTERSAN Design and Best Practices Version 2.3A high-level guide focusing on Fibre Channel Storage Area Network (SAN) design and best practices,

Pagina 2 - CONTENTS

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 10 of 84The difference between these four scenarios is device placement (where devices are at

Pagina 3

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 11 of 84Servers and storage devices should be connected to both networks utilizing some form

Pagina 4

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 12 of 84In addition to redundant fabrics, redundant links should be placed on different blade

Pagina 5

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 13 of 84fig05_SAN_Design Figure 5. Example of three-chassis ICL conguration for 8 Gbps platf

Pagina 6 - INTRODUCTION

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 14 of 84on each core blade must reside within the same ICL trunk boundary on the core blades.

Pagina 7 - ARCHITECTING A SAN

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 15 of 84Brocade recommends core-edge or edge-core-edge as the primary SAN design methodology,

Pagina 8 - Be the Pilot

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 16 of 84However, this approach does not scale well. Given the high-speed, low-latency nature

Pagina 9 - SAN DESIGN BASICS

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 17 of 84Fan-In Ratios and OversubscriptionAnother aspect of data ow is the “fan-in-ratio” or

Pagina 10 - Redundancy and Resiliency

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 18 of 84Another method is to assign host ports to storage ports based on capacity. The intend

Pagina 11 - Switch Interconnections

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 19 of 84fig15_SAN_Design4 × 8 Gbps Control Ports4 × 8 Gbps ISLs1:1 Oversubscription for Initi

Pagina 12 - 12 of 84

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 2 of 84CONTENTSINTRODUCTION ...

Pagina 13 - 13 of 84

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 20 of 84Recommendations for avoiding frame congestion (when the number of frames is the issue

Pagina 14 - Mesh Topology

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 21 of 84Sources of high latencies include:•Storage devices that are not optimized or where p

Pagina 15 - Device Placement

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 22 of 84Bottleneck detection can also serve as a conrmation to host information when storage

Pagina 16 - DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICES

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 23 of 84Fabric Watch tracks a variety of SAN fabric elements and events. Monitoring fabric-wi

Pagina 17 - 17 of 84

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 24 of 84•Brocade platforms are capable of generating SNMP traps for most error conditions. C

Pagina 18 - 18 of 84

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 25 of 84Solution 1: Make the B-Series act more like the M-Series by using PBR versus EBR on t

Pagina 19

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 26 of 84Typically, a storage port services many applications, and the loss of that storage ca

Pagina 20 - DATA FLOW CONSIDERATIONS

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 27 of 84IOPS and VMsAnother method for determining bandwidth and/or oversubscription is to us

Pagina 21 - Monitoring

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 28 of 84fig17_SAN_DesignE_PortE_PortE_PortEX PortsIFLIFLLong Distance IFLFC RouterFiberChanne

Pagina 22 - Health Monitoring

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 29 of 84fig20_SAN_DesignEdge fabricB2Edge fabricB1Edge fabricB4Edge fabricB3Core-edgebackbone

Pagina 23 - 23 of 84

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 3 of 84Misbehaving Devices ...

Pagina 24 - Available Paths

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 30 of 84 – M-Series (legacy McDATA) switches: Similar to legacy switches, the presence of M-S

Pagina 25 - Misbehaving Devices

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 31 of 84 – Size of fabrics: If the size of edge fabrics is likely to grow, and the inter-fabr

Pagina 26 - DESIGN GUIDELINES

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 32 of 84•As edge fabrics and the routed network grow, the use of “lters” such as LSAN zone

Pagina 27 - ROUTED TOPOLOGIES—METASANS

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 33 of 84Use Case: FICON and Open Systems (Intermix)Virtual Fabrics enable customers to share

Pagina 28

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 34 of 84of latency at the receiving Condor3-based switch in order to decrypt and uncompress t

Pagina 29 - Backbone Considerations

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 35 of 84On the Brocade DCX 8510 with Gen 5 Fibre Channel platform, 4K buffers are available p

Pagina 30 - 30 of 84

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 36 of 84at all. On most large scale arrays, the FC port that has been assigned to RDR is dedi

Pagina 31 - Avoiding Congestion

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 37 of 84fig24_SAN_DesignProduction Site Back-Up SiteAFCFCFCFCBABBrocade7800StorageArrayStorag

Pagina 32 - VIRTUAL FABRICS TOPOLOGIES

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 38 of 84When using a four-box solution, it is inappropriate to make ISL cross-connections bet

Pagina 33 - INTELLIGENT SERVICES

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 39 of 84Using EX_Ports and VEX_PortsIf an FCR architecture is indicated, an “X” port is neede

Pagina 34 - DISTANCE EXTENSION TOPOLOGIES

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 4 of 84Design Guidelines ...

Pagina 35 - FC over IP (FCIP)

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 40 of 84fig28_SAN_DesignN_PortE_PortF_PortVE_PortVEX_PortEX_PortIPCloudEdgeFabricBrocade DCXw

Pagina 36

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 41 of 84IBM does not consider a connection to a channel extender to be a hop of concern. Only

Pagina 37 - Poor Practice

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 42 of 84Mode 3, Deate, also known as GZIP, is entirely a software-based algorithm and not su

Pagina 38 - FCIP with FCR

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 43 of 84In a shared link situation, if you think of the bandwidth as separated into three are

Pagina 39 - Using EX_Ports and VEX_Ports

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 44 of 84DSCP and L2CoS are congured on a per-FCIP circuit basis. It is recommended that you

Pagina 40 - FCIP with FICON Environments

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 45 of 84fig33_SAN_DesignGaussian or“normal”distributionfg(x).00135.00135.0214.0214X0σ2σ3σ-σ-2

Pagina 41 - Compression

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 46 of 84FCIP TrunkingThe Brocade 7800 and FX8-24 have an exclusive feature called FCIP Trunki

Pagina 42 - Adaptive Rate Limiting (ARL)

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 47 of 84ARL is used to manage the bandwidth going into the cores based on the available WAN b

Pagina 43 - PerPriority-TCP-QoS

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 48 of 84state machines at any one time. A state machine lives for the life of an exchange, an

Pagina 44 - FCIP Design Best Practices

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 49 of 84Here is a list of conguration differences between FICON and Open System environments

Pagina 45 - “normal”

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 5 of 84Storage Trafc Patterns ...

Pagina 46 - FCIP Trunking

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 50 of 84fig36_SAN_DesignBrocadeFICON DirectorLS 50 VE12LS 60 VE22LS128IP Core AgatewayIP Core

Pagina 47 - Protocol Optimization

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 51 of 84•Per-Packet Load Balancing (PPLB) is not supported by Brocade. PPLB is often the cau

Pagina 48 - Virtual Fabrics

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 52 of 84•They create separate LUNs for each data store and allow VMs to access data directly

Pagina 49 - Ethernet Interface Sharing

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 53 of 84Consider the IBM AIX VIO platform as an example to explain Unix workload virtualizati

Pagina 50 - What is Not Supported?

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 54 of 84Monitoring•Bottleneck Detection becomes very important here. Use it to monitor laten

Pagina 51 - WORKLOADS

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 55 of 84Reviewing performance requirements:•Host-to-storage port fan-in/out ratios•Oversubs

Pagina 52 - Unix Virtualization

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 56 of 84•Implement serial console server: Implement serial remote access so that switches ca

Pagina 53 - Design Guidelines

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 57 of 84much smaller number (56 is recommended in Brocade fabrics). The domain count limit ty

Pagina 54 - SCALABILITY AND PERFORMANCE

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 58 of 84•Error isolation and management: Most initiator errors are not propagated through to

Pagina 55 - SUPPORTABILITY

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 59 of 84MaintenanceThere is usually no need to keep the Brocade Access Gateway rmware levels

Pagina 56 - 56 of 84

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 6 of 84INTRODUCTIONThis document is a high-level design and best practices guide based on Bro

Pagina 57 - 57 of 84

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 60 of 84fig11_SAN_DesignHost TierStorage Tier Tape TierFigure 40. The same edge-core-edge tie

Pagina 58 - Constraints

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 61 of 84STORAGEStorage arrays have evolved signicantly over the last few years. Performance

Pagina 59 - BACKUP AND RESTORE

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 62 of 84Figure 41 shows a typical implementation of an in-line virtualized storage solution.

Pagina 60 - Storage Tier Tape Tier

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 63 of 84SECURITYThere are many components to SAN security in relation to SAN design, and the

Pagina 61 - Storage Virtualization

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 64 of 84Zoning recommendations include the following: •Always enable zoning.•Create zones w

Pagina 62

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 65 of 84Use the SCC policy in environments where there is a need for strict control of fabric

Pagina 63 - SECURITY

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 66 of 84Together, the policy distribution and fabric-wide consistency settings provide a rang

Pagina 64 - Access Control Lists (ACLs)

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 67 of 84•What is the average disk drive utilization (the greater the utilization, the longer

Pagina 65 - Policy Database Distribution

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 68 of 84Some topics to consider for backup and restore as you plan for SAN expansion or a new

Pagina 66 - CAPACITY PLANNING

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 69 of 84TOOLS FOR GATHERING DATA Brocade SAN HealthBrocade SAN Health is a free tool that all

Pagina 67 - SAN Administrator: General

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 7 of 84This document does not consider physical environment factors such as power, cooling, a

Pagina 68 - Facilities

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 70 of 84•MB/s writes•Worst-case latency (ms)•HBA queue depthThis is an example of a guidel

Pagina 69 - TOOLS FOR GATHERING DATA

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 71 of 84SUMMARYOnce the initial discussions with key stakeholders are complete, data should b

Pagina 70 - Brocade Network Advisor

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 72 of 84APPENDIX A: IMPORTANT TABLESThe following table shows the support distance based on c

Pagina 71 - 71 of 84

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 73 of 84APPENDIX B: MATRICESThis section provides example checklists and tables you can use t

Pagina 72 - APPENDIX A: IMPORTANT TABLES

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 74 of 84Metrics and Impact on SAN Design and PerformanceThe following table details the metri

Pagina 73 - APPENDIX B: MATRICES

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 75 of 84Consolidated SAN SnapshotSAN Requirements Data (Complete for each SAN)Fabric Informat

Pagina 74 - 74 of 84

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 76 of 84Application-Specific DetailsBackup/Restore InfrastructionServersSystem OS Version, Pat

Pagina 75 - Consolidated SAN Snapshot

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 77 of 84Quantitative Analysis: Radar MapsSAN Admin Radar MapSAN/Storage Admin ConcernsRank (1

Pagina 76 - Application-Specific Details

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 78 of 84Facilities Radar MapFacilityRank (1 is low, 10 is high) NotesConcern for physical rea

Pagina 77 - SAN Admin Radar Map

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 79 of 84APPENDIX C: PORT GROUPSA port group is a group of eight ports, based on the user port

Pagina 78 - Facilities Radar Map

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 8 of 84Backup and disaster tolerance•Is there a centralized backup? (This will determine the

Pagina 79 - APPENDIX C: PORT GROUPS

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 80 of 84Gen 5 Fibre Channel PlatformsThe Brocade FC16-48 and FC16-32 blades for the Brocade D

Pagina 80 - Gen 5 Fibre Channel Platforms

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 81 of 84Brocade 6520 Trunk Groups1 2 3 4 5 678 9 10 11 12Figure 48. Brocade 6520 Front Port G

Pagina 81 - Brocade 6505 Trunk Groups

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 82 of 84APPENDIX D: TERMINOLOGYTerm Brief DescriptionBase switch Base switch of an enabled vi

Pagina 82 - APPENDIX D: TERMINOLOGY

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 83 of 84APPENDIX E: REFERENCESSoftware and Hardware Product Documentation•Brocade Fabric OS

Pagina 83 - APPENDIX E: REFERENCES

© 2013 Brocade Communications Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 05/13 GA-TB-329-04ADX, AnyIO, Brocade, Brocade Assurance, the B-wing symbol, DCX, Fab

Pagina 84

DATA CENTER BEST PRACTICESSAN Design and Best Practices 9 of 84The ClearLink diagnostic capability provides an opportunity to measure and thoroughly

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